Moreover, the motion states of the surface droplets can be controlled dynamically and precisely, such as jumping and pinning, catching and releasing, and controllable liquid transfer without loss and contamination. Thus this work would open the avenue for dynamic liquid manipulation and transportation, and gear up the broad application prospects in liquid transfer, selective separation, anti-fog, anti-ice, microfluidics devices, etc.Influenza poses a severe threat to global health. Despite the whole inactivated virus (WIV)-based nasal vaccine being a promising strategy for influenza protection, the mucosal barrier is still a bottleneck of the nasal vaccine. Here, a catalytic mucosal adjuvant strategy for an influenza WIV nasal vaccine based on chitosan (CS) functionalized iron oxide nanozyme (IONzyme) is developed. The results reveal that CS-IONzyme increases antigen adhesion to nasal mucosa by 30-fold compared to H1N1 WIV alone. Next, CS-IONzyme facilitates H1N1 WIV to enhance CCL20-driven submucosal dendritic cell (DC) recruitment and transepithelial dendrite(TED) formation for viral uptake via the toll-like receptor(TLR) 2/4-dependent pathway. Moreover, IONzyme with enhanced peroxidase (POD)-like activity by CS modification catalyzes a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-dependent DC maturation, which further enhances the migration of H1N1 WIV-loaded DCs into the draining lymph nodes for antigen presentation. Finally, CS-IONzyme-based nasal vaccine triggers an 8.9-fold increase of IgA-mucosal adaptive immunity in mice, which provides a 100% protection against influenza, while only a 30% protection by H1N1 WIV alone. This work provides an antiviral alternative for designing nasal vaccines based on IONzyme to combat influenza infection.Silicone (Si) is one type of anode materials with intriguingly high theoretical capacity. However, the severe volume change associated with the repeated lithiation and delithiation processes hampers the mechanical/electrical integrity of Si anodes and hence reduces the battery's cycle-life. To address this issue, sequence-defined peptoids are designed and fabricated with two tailored functional groups, "-OH" and "-COOH", as cross-linkable polymeric binders for Si anodes of LIBs. Experimental results show that both the capacity and stability of such peptoids-bound Si anodes can be significantly improved due to the decreased cracks of Si nanoparticles. Particularly, the 15-mer peptoid binder in Si anode can result in a much higher reversible capacity (ca. 3110 mAh g-1) after 500 cycles at 1.0 A g-1 compared to other reported binders in literature. According to the density functional theory (DFT) calculations, it is the functional groups presented on the side chains of peptoids that facilitate the formation of Si-O binding efficiency and robustness, and then maintain the integrity of the Si anode. The sequence-designed polymers can act as a new platform for understanding the interactions between binders and Si anode materials, and promote the realization of high-performance batteries.All-solid-sate Al-air batteries with features of high theoretical energy density, low cost, and environmental-friendliness are promising as power sources for next-generation flexible and wearable electronics. However, the sluggish oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and poor interfacial contact in air cathodes cause unsatisfied performance. Herein, a free-standing Co3Fe7 nanoalloy and Co5.47N encapsulated in 3D nitrogen-doped carbon foam (Co3Fe7@Co5.47N/NCF) is prepared as an additive-free and integrated air cathode for flexible Al-air batteries in both alkaline and neutral electrolytes. The Co3Fe7@Co5.47N/NCF outperforms commercial platinum/carbon (Pt/C) toward ORR with an onset potential of 1.02 V and a positive half-wave potential of 0.92 V in an alkaline electrolyte (0.59 V in sodium chloride solution), which is ascribed to the unique interfacial structure between Co3Fe7 and Co5.47N supported by 3D N-doped carbon foam to facilitate fast electron and mass transfer. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/pim447-lgh447.html The high ORR performance is also supported by in-situ electrochemical Raman spectra and density functional theory calculation. Furthermore, the fabricated Al-air battery displays good flexibility and delivers a power density of 199.6 mW cm-2, and the binder-free and integrated cathode shows better discharge performance than the traditionally slurry casting cathode. This work demonstrates a facile and efficient approach to develop integrated air cathode for metal-air batteries.The monosialodihexosylganglioside, GM3, and its binding to CD169 (Siglec-1) have been indicated as key factors in the glycoprotein-independent sequestration of the human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) in virus-containing compartments (VCCs) in myeloid cells. Here, lipid-wrapped polymer nanoparticles (NPs) are applied as a virus-mimicking model to characterize the effect of core stiffness on NP uptake and intracellular fate triggered by GM3-CD169 binding in macrophages. GM3-functionalized lipid-wrapped NPs are assembled with poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) as well as with low and high molecular weight polylactic acid (PLAlMW and PLAhMW) cores. The NPs have an average diameter of 146 ± 17 nm and comparable surface properties defined by the self-assembled lipid layer. Due to differences in the glass transition temperature, the Young's modulus (E) differs substantially under physiological conditions between PLGA (EPLGA = 60 ± 32 MPa), PLAlMW (EPLAlMW = 86 ± 25 MPa), and PLAhMW (EPLAhMW = 1.41 ± 0.67 GPa) NPs. Only the stiff GM3-presenting PLAhMW NPs but not the softer PLGA or PLAlMW NPs avoid a lysosomal pathway and localize in tetraspanin (CD9)-positive compartments that resemble VCCs. These observations suggest that GM3-CD169-induced sequestration of NPs in nonlysosomal compartments is not entirely determined by ligand-receptor interactions but also depends on core stiffness.The recent advances in chloride-ion capturing electrodes for capacitive deionization (CDI) are limited by the capacity, rate, and stability of desalination. This work introduces Ti3C2T x /Ag synthesized via a facile oxidation-reduction method and then uses it as an anode for chloride-ion capture in CDI. Silver nanoparticles are formed successfully and uniformly distributed with the layered-structure of Ti3C2T x . All Ti3C2T x /Ag samples are hydrophilic, which is beneficial for water desalination. Ti3C2T x /Ag samples with a low charge transfer resistance exhibit both pseudocapacitive and battery behaviors. Herein, the Ti3C2T x /Ag electrode with a reaction time of 3 h exhibits excellent desalination performance with a capacity of 135 mg Cl- g-1 at 20 mA g-1 in a 10 × 10-3 m NaCl solution. Furthermore, low energy consumption of 0.42 kWh kg-1 Cl- and a desalination rate of 1.5 mg Cl- g-1 min-1 at 50 mA g-1 is achieved. The Ti3C2T x /Ag system exhibits fast rate capability, high desalination capacity, low energy consumption, and excellent cyclability, which can be ascribed to the synergistic effect between the battery and pseudocapacitive behaviors of the Ti3C2T x /Ag hybrid material.